"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.
Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the implementation of the law." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?
"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.
Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said, China's first anti-monopoly law's introduction of Jin Jin yes, there are many issues need through the implementation of rules and operational guidelines to clarify, Birujiyu Jing Zheng and Guojiaanquan Shuangchongliyou be Shencha on the Cheng Xu Jiao Yi rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs
"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?
Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade and Development Agency, the Trade Representative's office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.
This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.
"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?
Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.
For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.
This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.
The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand Ruhe can the antitrust provisions and the final implementation details can be the best use, thereby promoting competition, Quebao right Suoyou market participants Gong Ping.
Cross-sector review should be efficient
"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?
Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.
"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?
Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.
In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.
Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.
"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?
Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.
According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined
"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?
Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse", because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property rights within a certain time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?
United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.
"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?
Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion. I am told, is the intellectual property by the court or the State Intellectual Property Office is responsible for court, but they are all placed outside the National Anti-Monopoly Committee. We think that will be responsible for review of abuse of intellectual property rights into the national law enforcement agencies within the framework of the Antimonopoly Committee may be more reasonable.
"21st Century": the members of your business whether antitrust concerns about the implementation?
Jimo Man: I think our member companies do not worry about it. Because almost all of the companies have extensive global operations experience. Conduct their business has been proven to meet the interests of consumers in most countries, has withstood the test of the legal system in many countries. Therefore, we believe our business conduct is regulated.
Of course, we are very concerned about the legal obligations under anti-monopoly law in China and Europe and the United States by different laws, whether, if so, then we do need to change some of the traditional business behavior.
China Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur.
Interview people
Reporter Chen Shanzhe
ZHANG Man from Beijing's practice
"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.
Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the implementation of the law." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?
"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.
Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said that the Chinese anti-monopoly law is only a first step, there are many problems through the implementation of rules and operational guidelines to clear, such as competition and based on the dual grounds of national security review process transactions rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs
"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?
Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade Development Department, the Trade Representative Office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.
This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.
"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?
Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.
For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.
This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.
The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand how to make anti-trust provisions and the final implementation of the rules could be best used to promote competition to ensure fairness to all market participants.
Cross-sector review should be efficient
"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?
Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.
"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?
Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.
In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.
Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.
"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?
Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.
According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined
"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?
Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse" because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property in a certain period of time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?
United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.
"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?
Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion.鎴戝惉鍒扮殑璇存硶鏄敱娉曢櫌鐨勭煡璇嗕骇鏉冨涵鎴栬?鍥藉鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈灞?礋璐?浣嗕粬浠嵈琚疆浜庡浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氫箣澶栥?鎴戜滑璁や负濡傛灉灏嗚礋璐ｅ鏌ユ互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉冪殑鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯涔熺撼鍏ュ浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氱殑妗嗘灦鍐?鍙兘鏇翠负鍚堢悊銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?浣犱滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氭槸鍚﹀鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂芥劅鍒版媴蹇?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?鎴戞兂鎴戜滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氬苟涓嶆媴蹇冭繖涓棶棰樸?鍥犱负鍑犱箮鎵?湁鐨勫叕鍙搁兘鏈変赴瀵岀殑鍏ㄧ悆杩愪綔鐨勭粡楠屻?浠栦滑鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓哄凡缁忚璇佹槑绗﹀悎澶у鏁板浗瀹舵秷璐硅?鐨勫埄鐩?缁忓彈浜嗗緢澶氬浗瀹舵硶寰嬪埗搴︾殑鑰冮獙銆傚洜姝?鎴戜滑鐩镐俊鑷繁鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓烘槸瑙勮寖鐨勩?
銆??褰撶劧,鎴戜滑涔熷緢鍏冲績涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂硶瑙勫畾鐨勬硶寰嬩箟鍔℃槸鍚︿笌娆х編鐨勬硶寰嬩笉鍚?濡傛灉鏄?閭ｄ箞鎴戜滑纭疄闇?鏀瑰彉涓?簺浼犵粺鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓轰簡銆?br />
銆??涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細涓嬮潰鐨勪笁涓満鏋勮亴鑳芥槸鏈変氦鍙夌殑,鍥犳杩愪綔璧锋潵鍦ㄦ渶鍒濋樁娈靛彲鑳戒細鍑虹幇涓?簺闂銆?br />
銆??璁胯皥路浜虹墿
銆??鏈姤璁拌? 闄堝杽鍝?br />
銆??瀹炰範璁拌? 寮犳浖 鍖椾含鎶ラ亾
銆??鈥滃浣曠‘淇濅笁涓笉鍚岀殑鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯涔嬮棿鍗忚皟涓?嚧,灏嗘槸涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細闈复鐨勬渶澶ф寫鎴樸?鈥濊韩涓轰腑鍥界編鍥藉晢浼氫富甯?瑭瑰鏂峰悏鑾浖鏃ュ墠鍐嶆灏变腑鍥姐?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬬殑瀹炴柦鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勮鐐广?
銆??鍧愬湪鍖椾含鍗庢鼎澶у帵鐨勫姙鍏閲?鍚夎帿鏇艰繖涓?瀵广?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬬殑璇勪环澶氫簡璧炶銆備粬浠ヨ偗瀹氱殑鍙ｅ惢璇?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂藉皢甯姪涓浗寤虹珛璧峰疄鑷冲悕褰掔殑甯傚満缁忔祹,鈥滄垜浠杩庢硶寰嬬殑瀹炴柦鈥濄?鍚夎帿鏇煎鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勭湅娉曞嚑涔庡拰鍥藉唴寰堝涓撳濡傚嚭涓?緳,浠栦滑閮界瑑淇¤繖閮ㄦ硶寰嬪浜庝腑鍥藉缓绔嬪競鍦虹粡娴庝綋鍒剁殑閲嶈鎬с?浣嗗湪涓ゅ勾鍓?鍚夎帿鏇煎褰撴椂鐨勫弽鍨勬柇娉曡崏妗堣繕鏄竴鑲氬瓙鎰忚,姣斿,浠栨浘缁忚川鐤?浠ュ叿浣撶殑甯傚満浠介浣滀负涓?浼佷笟鏄惁鍏锋湁甯傚満鏀厤鍦颁綅鐨勮瀹氭爣鍑嗘槸鍚﹀悎鐞?
銆??鈥滄垜浠緢娆ｈ祻涓浗鏀垮簻鍦ㄥ埗瀹氬浗瀹剁殑绔炰簤鏀跨瓥鏃?鑳藉铏氬績鍦板悜澶栧浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曢儴闂ㄣ?鑱屼笟寰嬪笀鍜屼骇涓氬洟浣撳緛璇㈡剰瑙併?鈥濆悏鑾浖璇淬?姝ゅ墠7骞翠腑,缇庡浗鍟嗕細绉瀬鍦板悜涓浗銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鍒跺畾鏈烘瀯杞揪浼氬憳浼佷笟鐨勫叧鍒囧拰鑷繁鐨勮瑙ｃ?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇间篃鏄竴鍚嶅緥甯?浠栬〃绀?涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫嚭鍙颁粎浠呮槸绗竴姝?杩樻湁寰堝闂闇?閫氳繃瀹炴柦缁嗗垯鍜屾搷浣滄寚鍗楁潵鏄庣‘,姣斿鍩轰簬绔炰簤鍜屽浗瀹跺畨鍏ㄥ弻閲嶇悊鐢卞浜ゆ槗杩涜瀹℃煡鐨勭▼搴忔?瑙勫垯,婊ョ敤鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈鐨勫畾涔夊強鏍囧噯,绛夌瓑銆備腑缇庡弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶闇?瀵硅瘽
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?涓婁釜鏈?浣犱滑鍚姩浜嗕竴娆″叧浜庡弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鎶?湳鍩硅鍜屾彺鍔╃殑璇剧▼,涓昏闈㈠悜涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曟満鏋勭殑瀹樺憳銆傝兘鍚︾畝瑕佷粙缁嶄竴涓嬮」鐩殑鎯呭喌?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欎釜椤圭洰鍦ㄥ嚑涓編鍥芥斂搴滄満鏋勭殑鏀寔涓嬪紑濮嬭繍浣滅殑,鍖呮嫭璐告槗鍙戝睍缃层?璐告槗浠ｈ〃鍔炲叕瀹ゃ?鍙告硶閮ㄣ?鑱旈偊璐告槗濮斿憳浼氥?鍟嗗姟閮?浠ュ強涓浗缇庡浗鍟嗕細鍜岀編鍥藉叏鍥藉晢浼氫负浠ｈ〃鐨勭钀ユ満鏋勩?
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬彺鍔╄祫閲戞潵鑷編鍥借锤鏄撳彂灞曠讲(USTDA),涓浗缇庡浗鍟嗕細鍙礋璐ｈ绋嬬殑缁勭粐鍜屽崗璋?鍙備笌璇ラ」鐩殑涓昏鏄潵鑷腑缇庝袱鍥界殑瀹樺憳銆傚湪涓浗鏂归潰,鍟嗗姟閮ㄣ?鍥藉宸ュ晢鎬诲眬銆佸浗瀹跺彂鏀瑰鍜屽浗鍔￠櫌娉曞埗鍔炵瓑鏈烘瀯閮藉弬涓庝簡,涓昏鏄潵鑷晢鍔￠儴鐨勫畼鍛樸?鑰岀編鍥芥柟闈富瑕佹槸鏉ヨ嚜鍙告硶閮ㄧ殑瀹樺憳銆傝繖鏄竴涓壇鍙搁暱绾у埆瀹樺憳鐨勫璇濄?
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍦ㄤ腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇娉曞惎鍔ㄥ墠澶?涓轰粈涔堢編鏂硅鍚姩杩欐牱涓?釜椤圭洰?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欐槸澧炲己涓編涔嬮棿鍏充簬鍙嶅瀯鏂硶瀵硅瘽鍜屽悎浣滄墍鍋氬嚭鐨勫姫鍔涚殑涓?儴鍒嗐?杩欎釜椤圭洰灏嗕负缇庡浗鏀垮簻鍜岃涓氬弬涓庤?涓庝腑鍥藉畼鍛樻彁渚涘箍闃旂殑浜ゆ祦骞冲彴,浠庤?浠ラ?鏄庣殑鏂瑰紡璧疯崏銆佸埗瀹氬弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑瀹炴柦缁嗗垯,浣垮叕浼楁湁鏈轰細瀵规彁璁殑缁嗗垯鍙戣〃鎰忚,浣垮疄鏂界粏鍒欐洿鍔犵鍚堝競鍦鸿寰?浠庤?涓哄湪涓浗缁忚惀鐨勫叕鍙告敼鍠勭珵浜夌幆澧冦?
銆??瀵圭編鍥戒汉鏉ヨ,杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勫ソ澶勬槸鍙互涓虹編鍥藉畼鍛樺拰鍟嗙晫浜哄＋鎻愪緵涓庝腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶瀹樺憳杩涜鐩存帴浜ゆ祦鐨勬満浼氥?瀵逛腑鍥界殑瀹樺憳鏉ヨ,杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬渶澶т环鍊兼槸缁欎粬浠彁渚涗簡涓?釜瀛︿範鐨勫钩鍙?鍙互鍚稿彇缇庡浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曠殑鏈夌泭缁忛獙銆?br />
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬妧鏈?闈炲父寮?鍥犱负鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曟湰韬氨鏄竴涓妧鏈?闈炲父寮虹殑宸ヤ綔銆傛瘮濡傚浣曡瀹氬瀯鏂涓?濡備綍鍚戝彈瀹宠?鎻愪緵鏁戞祹,濡備綍鎷嗗垎涓?釜鏋勬垚鍨勬柇鐨勫叕鍙?绛夌瓑銆備粠璇剧▼涓婄湅,骞惰喘瀹℃煡涔熸槸涓浗瀹樺憳鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑鍐呭銆?br />
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰杩樺皢鍩硅涓浗瀹樺憳,甯姪浠栦滑浜嗚В濡備綍鎵嶈兘浣垮弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑鏉℃鍙婂叾鏈?粓鐨勫疄鏂界粏鍒欒兘澶熷緱鍒版渶浣充娇鐢?浠庤?淇冭繘绔炰簤,纭繚瀵规墍鏈夊競鍦哄弬涓庤?鐨勫叕骞炽?
銆??璺ㄩ儴闂ㄥ鏌ヨ鏈夋晥鐜?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍦ㄥ疄鏂借繖涓弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑鍩硅椤圭洰杩囩▼涓?鎺ュ彈鍩硅鐨勪腑鍥藉畼鍛樻渶鍏冲績鐨勬槸浠?箞?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?涓浗瀹樺憳浠殑鏈?ぇ鍥版儜鏄浣曚娇娉曞緥鐪熸杩愪綔璧锋潵銆備綘鐭ラ亾,涓浗鐨勫弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氭渶杩戝垰鎴愮珛,寰堝浜嬫儏绛夌潃浠栦滑鍘诲畬鎴愩?浠栦滑蹇呴』纭繚杩欓儴娉曞緥鑳藉瀵屾湁鍙搷浣滄?銆傛瘮濡?浠栦滑寰堝叧蹇冧笁涓弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯鐨勫唴閮ㄥ垎宸ュ崗璋冮棶棰?浠栦滑鐭ラ亾,蹇呴』纭繚閮ㄩ棬闂村崗璋冧竴鑷?鍚﹀垯鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂戒笉鍙兘鎴愬姛銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?浣犺涓轰腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯闂寸殑鍚堜綔,鍙兘鍑虹幇鍝柟闈㈢殑闂?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?浠庣洰鍓嶄粬浠殑鍒嗗伐鏉ョ湅,鍙戞敼濮旂杈栦环鏍煎瀯鏂?宸ュ晢鎬诲眬璐熻矗瀵规互鐢ㄥ競鍦烘敮閰嶅湴浣嶇殑鐩戠,鍟嗗姟閮ㄨ礋璐ｇ粡钀ヨ?闆嗕腑鐨勫鏌?鑰屽湪杩欎笁涓満鏋勪箣涓?鏄浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氳礋璐ｅ崗璋冨拰缁熺銆備粠鐩墠鐨勫垎宸ユ潵鐪?鍙兘鏈変簺棰嗗煙浼氬彂鐢熸墽娉曟満鏋勪箣闂寸杈栨潈閲嶅彔鐨勬儏鍐点?
銆??鍦ㄦ垜鐪嬫潵,鏈?湁鍙兘鍙戠敓绠¤緰鏉冮噸鍙犵殑鏄晢鍔￠儴鍜屽伐鍟嗘?灞??婊ョ敤甯傚満鏀厤鍦颁綅鎰忓懗鐫?竴涓叕鍙告嫢鏈夊ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐨勫競鍦轰唤棰?鑰岀粡钀ヨ?闆嗕腑鏄袱涓叕鍙哥殑骞惰喘,骞惰喘鐨勭粨鏋滈?甯告槸鏂扮殑鍏徃鎷ユ湁鏀厤甯傚満鐨勫湴浣嶃?
銆??鍥犳,涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細鐨勪富浠诲皢闈复鎸戞垬銆備粬瑕佸崗璋冨ソ涓変釜鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯鐨勫伐浣?纭繚璺ㄩ儴闂ㄧ殑鍙嶅瀯鏂鏌ヨ兘澶熷瘜鏈夋晥鐜囥?
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?閭ｅ湪杩欎釜鍩硅椤圭洰涓?涓浗鐨勫畼鍛樹滑鍙堣兘澶熷涔犲埌姝ゆ柟闈㈢殑浠?箞缁忛獙?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?缇庡浗涔熸湁涓や釜鍙嶅瀯鏂硶寰嬬殑鎵ц鏈烘瀯,鍒嗗埆鏄仈閭﹁锤鏄撳鍛樹細鍜屽徃娉曢儴銆傝仈閭﹁锤鏄撳鍛樹細鏇村鍦板叧娉ㄦ皯浜嬮鍩熺殑鎵ф硶,鑰屽徃娉曢儴涓昏鎵挎媴鍙嶅瀯鏂殑鍒戜簨绠¤緰鏉冦?鍥犳,涓浗鐨勪綋鍒舵湁鐐圭被浼间簬缇庡浗鐨勫鍥芥姇璧勫鏌ュ鍛樹細,鍦ㄨ繖涓鍛樹細涓嬮潰鏄壙鎷呬笉鍚岃亴鑳界殑鏀垮簻閮ㄩ棬,鍖呮嫭鍟嗗姟閮ㄣ?鑳芥簮閮ㄣ?璐㈡斂閮ㄣ?鍔冲姩閮ㄧ瓑銆?br />
銆??鏍规嵁澶栧浗鎶曡祫瀹℃煡濮斿憳浼氱殑杩愪綔缁忛獙,濡傛灉鍚勪釜閮ㄩ棬涔嬮棿鐨勮亴璐ｆ病鏈変氦鍙?灏变細杩愪綔寰楀緢椤哄埄銆備絾鏄洰鍓嶆潵鐪?涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細涓嬮潰鐨勪笁涓満鏋勮亴鑳芥槸鏈変氦鍙夌殑,鍥犳杩愪綔璧锋潵鍦ㄦ渶鍒濋樁娈靛彲鑳戒細鍑虹幇涓?簺闂銆傗?鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈婊ョ敤鈥濇潯娆鹃渶瑕佺粏鍖?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶绗簲鍗佷簲鏉¤瀹氫簡缁忚惀鑰呬笉寰楁互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉?鎺掗櫎銆侀檺鍒剁珵浜夈?鎹寰堝璺ㄥ浗鍏徃瀵硅繖鏉¤瀹氶兘寰堝叧鍒?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鍏充簬鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈婊ョ敤鍙湁涓?潯瑙勫畾,鎴戜滑鐨勪細鍛橀渶瑕佹洿澶氱粏鑺傘?娉曞緥蹇呴』鏄庣‘浠?箞鏄?婊ョ敤鈥?鍥犱负鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈鐨勬湰璐ㄥ氨鏄瀯鏂殑,浜轰滑涔嬫墍浠ユ効鎰忔姇璧勪簬绉戞妧鍙戞槑,灏辨槸浠栦滑鍙互鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭椂闂村唴鍨勬柇鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈,鍚﹀垯鐨勮瘽,璋佽繕鎰挎剰鍘绘姇璧勫憿?
銆??缇庡浗鐨勫弽鍨勬柇娉曞緥骞舵病鏈夎繖涓瀹?鍥犱负瀹冨睘浜庝笓鍒╂硶鐨勫唴瀹广?浣嗙編鍥界殑涓撳埄娉曢噷闈㈢‘瀹炰篃瑙勫畾浜嗙姝㈢煡璇嗕骇鏉冩互鐢ㄧ殑鏉℃,缇庡浗绉疮浜嗚繖鏂归潰澶ч噺鐨勫垽渚?褰㈡垚浜嗗叧浜庘?婊ョ敤鈥濈殑瀹屾暣鍒ゆ柇浣撶郴銆傛垜浠湡寰呬腑鍥芥湁鏇村鐨勭珛娉曠粏鍒欐垨鍙告硶瑙ｉ噴鍑哄彴銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?搴旇鐢卞摢涓満鏋勮礋璐ｆ互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉冪殑瀹℃煡?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欎篃鏄垜浠渶澶х殑鍥版儜涔嬩竴銆傛垜鍚埌鐨勮娉曟槸鐢辨硶闄㈢殑鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈搴垨鑰呭浗瀹剁煡璇嗕骇鏉冨眬璐熻矗,浣嗕粬浠嵈琚疆浜庡浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氫箣澶栥?鎴戜滑璁や负濡傛灉灏嗚礋璐ｅ鏌ユ互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉冪殑鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯涔熺撼鍏ュ浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氱殑妗嗘灦鍐?鍙兘鏇翠负鍚堢悊銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?浣犱滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氭槸鍚﹀鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂芥劅鍒版媴蹇?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?鎴戞兂鎴戜滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氬苟涓嶆媴蹇冭繖涓棶棰樸?鍥犱负鍑犱箮鎵?湁鐨勫叕鍙搁兘鏈変赴瀵岀殑鍏ㄧ悆杩愪綔鐨勭粡楠屻?浠栦滑鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓哄凡缁忚璇佹槑绗﹀悎澶у鏁板浗瀹舵秷璐硅?鐨勫埄鐩?缁忓彈浜嗗緢澶氬浗瀹舵硶寰嬪埗搴︾殑鑰冮獙銆傚洜姝?鎴戜滑鐩镐俊鑷繁鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓烘槸瑙勮寖鐨勩?
銆??褰撶劧,鎴戜滑涔熷緢鍏冲績涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂硶瑙勫畾鐨勬硶寰嬩箟鍔℃槸鍚︿笌娆х編鐨勬硶寰嬩笉鍚?濡傛灉鏄?閭ｄ箞鎴戜滑纭疄闇?鏀瑰彉涓?簺浼犵粺鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓轰簡銆?br />
銆??涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細涓嬮潰鐨勪笁涓満鏋勮亴鑳芥槸鏈変氦鍙夌殑,鍥犳杩愪綔璧锋潵鍦ㄦ渶鍒濋樁娈靛彲鑳戒細鍑虹幇涓?簺闂銆?br />
銆??璁胯皥路浜虹墿
銆??鏈姤璁拌? 闄堝杽鍝?br />
銆??瀹炰範璁拌? 寮犳浖 鍖椾含鎶ラ亾
銆??鈥滃浣曠‘淇濅笁涓笉鍚岀殑鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯涔嬮棿鍗忚皟涓?嚧,灏嗘槸涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細闈复鐨勬渶澶ф寫鎴樸?鈥濊韩涓轰腑鍥界編鍥藉晢浼氫富甯?瑭瑰鏂峰悏鑾浖鏃ュ墠鍐嶆灏变腑鍥姐?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬬殑瀹炴柦鍙戣〃鑷繁鐨勮鐐广?
銆??鍧愬湪鍖椾含鍗庢鼎澶у帵鐨勫姙鍏閲?鍚夎帿鏇艰繖涓?瀵广?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶銆嬬殑璇勪环澶氫簡璧炶銆備粬浠ヨ偗瀹氱殑鍙ｅ惢璇?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂藉皢甯姪涓浗寤虹珛璧峰疄鑷冲悕褰掔殑甯傚満缁忔祹,鈥滄垜浠杩庢硶寰嬬殑瀹炴柦鈥濄?鍚夎帿鏇煎鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勭湅娉曞嚑涔庡拰鍥藉唴寰堝涓撳濡傚嚭涓?緳,浠栦滑閮界瑑淇¤繖閮ㄦ硶寰嬪浜庝腑鍥藉缓绔嬪競鍦虹粡娴庝綋鍒剁殑閲嶈鎬с?浣嗗湪涓ゅ勾鍓?鍚夎帿鏇煎褰撴椂鐨勫弽鍨勬柇娉曡崏妗堣繕鏄竴鑲氬瓙鎰忚,姣斿,浠栨浘缁忚川鐤?浠ュ叿浣撶殑甯傚満浠介浣滀负涓?浼佷笟鏄惁鍏锋湁甯傚満鏀厤鍦颁綅鐨勮瀹氭爣鍑嗘槸鍚﹀悎鐞?
銆??鈥滄垜浠緢娆ｈ祻涓浗鏀垮簻鍦ㄥ埗瀹氬浗瀹剁殑绔炰簤鏀跨瓥鏃?鑳藉铏氬績鍦板悜澶栧浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曢儴闂ㄣ?鑱屼笟寰嬪笀鍜屼骇涓氬洟浣撳緛璇㈡剰瑙併?鈥濆悏鑾浖璇淬?姝ゅ墠7骞翠腑,缇庡浗鍟嗕細绉瀬鍦板悜涓浗銆婂弽鍨勬柇娉曘?鍒跺畾鏈烘瀯杞揪浼氬憳浼佷笟鐨勫叧鍒囧拰鑷繁鐨勮瑙ｃ?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇间篃鏄竴鍚嶅緥甯?浠栬〃绀?涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫嚭鍙颁粎浠呮槸绗竴姝?杩樻湁寰堝闂闇?閫氳繃瀹炴柦缁嗗垯鍜屾搷浣滄寚鍗楁潵鏄庣‘,姣斿鍩轰簬绔炰簤鍜屽浗瀹跺畨鍏ㄥ弻閲嶇悊鐢卞浜ゆ槗杩涜瀹℃煡鐨勭▼搴忔?瑙勫垯,婊ョ敤鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈鐨勫畾涔夊強鏍囧噯,绛夌瓑銆備腑缇庡弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶闇?瀵硅瘽
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?涓婁釜鏈?浣犱滑鍚姩浜嗕竴娆″叧浜庡弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鎶?湳鍩硅鍜屾彺鍔╃殑璇剧▼,涓昏闈㈠悜涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曟満鏋勭殑瀹樺憳銆傝兘鍚︾畝瑕佷粙缁嶄竴涓嬮」鐩殑鎯呭喌?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欎釜椤圭洰鍦ㄥ嚑涓編鍥芥斂搴滄満鏋勭殑鏀寔涓嬪紑濮嬭繍浣滅殑,鍖呮嫭璐告槗鍙戝睍缃层?璐告槗浠ｈ〃鍔炲叕瀹ゃ?鍙告硶閮ㄣ?鑱旈偊璐告槗濮斿憳浼氥?鍟嗗姟閮?浠ュ強涓浗缇庡浗鍟嗕細鍜岀編鍥藉叏鍥藉晢浼氫负浠ｈ〃鐨勭钀ユ満鏋勩?
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬彺鍔╄祫閲戞潵鑷編鍥借锤鏄撳彂灞曠讲(USTDA),涓浗缇庡浗鍟嗕細鍙礋璐ｈ绋嬬殑缁勭粐鍜屽崗璋?鍙備笌璇ラ」鐩殑涓昏鏄潵鑷腑缇庝袱鍥界殑瀹樺憳銆傚湪涓浗鏂归潰,鍟嗗姟閮ㄣ?鍥藉宸ュ晢鎬诲眬銆佸浗瀹跺彂鏀瑰鍜屽浗鍔￠櫌娉曞埗鍔炵瓑鏈烘瀯閮藉弬涓庝簡,涓昏鏄潵鑷晢鍔￠儴鐨勫畼鍛樸?鑰岀編鍥芥柟闈富瑕佹槸鏉ヨ嚜鍙告硶閮ㄧ殑瀹樺憳銆傝繖鏄竴涓壇鍙搁暱绾у埆瀹樺憳鐨勫璇濄?
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍦ㄤ腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇娉曞惎鍔ㄥ墠澶?涓轰粈涔堢編鏂硅鍚姩杩欐牱涓?釜椤圭洰?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欐槸澧炲己涓編涔嬮棿鍏充簬鍙嶅瀯鏂硶瀵硅瘽鍜屽悎浣滄墍鍋氬嚭鐨勫姫鍔涚殑涓?儴鍒嗐?杩欎釜椤圭洰灏嗕负缇庡浗鏀垮簻鍜岃涓氬弬涓庤?涓庝腑鍥藉畼鍛樻彁渚涘箍闃旂殑浜ゆ祦骞冲彴,浠庤?浠ラ?鏄庣殑鏂瑰紡璧疯崏銆佸埗瀹氬弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑瀹炴柦缁嗗垯,浣垮叕浼楁湁鏈轰細瀵规彁璁殑缁嗗垯鍙戣〃鎰忚,浣垮疄鏂界粏鍒欐洿鍔犵鍚堝競鍦鸿寰?浠庤?涓哄湪涓浗缁忚惀鐨勫叕鍙告敼鍠勭珵浜夌幆澧冦?
銆??瀵圭編鍥戒汉鏉ヨ,杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勫ソ澶勬槸鍙互涓虹編鍥藉畼鍛樺拰鍟嗙晫浜哄＋鎻愪緵涓庝腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶瀹樺憳杩涜鐩存帴浜ゆ祦鐨勬満浼氥?瀵逛腑鍥界殑瀹樺憳鏉ヨ,杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬渶澶т环鍊兼槸缁欎粬浠彁渚涗簡涓?釜瀛︿範鐨勫钩鍙?鍙互鍚稿彇缇庡浗鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曠殑鏈夌泭缁忛獙銆?br />
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰鐨勬妧鏈?闈炲父寮?鍥犱负鍙嶅瀯鏂墽娉曟湰韬氨鏄竴涓妧鏈?闈炲父寮虹殑宸ヤ綔銆傛瘮濡傚浣曡瀹氬瀯鏂涓?濡備綍鍚戝彈瀹宠?鎻愪緵鏁戞祹,濡備綍鎷嗗垎涓?釜鏋勬垚鍨勬柇鐨勫叕鍙?绛夌瓑銆備粠璇剧▼涓婄湅,骞惰喘瀹℃煡涔熸槸涓浗瀹樺憳鎰熷叴瓒ｇ殑鍐呭銆?br />
銆??杩欎釜椤圭洰杩樺皢鍩硅涓浗瀹樺憳,甯姪浠栦滑浜嗚В濡備綍鎵嶈兘浣垮弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑鏉℃鍙婂叾鏈?粓鐨勫疄鏂界粏鍒欒兘澶熷緱鍒版渶浣充娇鐢?浠庤?淇冭繘绔炰簤,纭繚瀵规墍鏈夊競鍦哄弬涓庤?鐨勫叕骞炽?
銆??璺ㄩ儴闂ㄥ鏌ヨ鏈夋晥鐜?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍦ㄥ疄鏂借繖涓弽鍨勬柇娉曠殑鍩硅椤圭洰杩囩▼涓?鎺ュ彈鍩硅鐨勪腑鍥藉畼鍛樻渶鍏冲績鐨勬槸浠?箞?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?涓浗瀹樺憳浠殑鏈?ぇ鍥版儜鏄浣曚娇娉曞緥鐪熸杩愪綔璧锋潵銆備綘鐭ラ亾,涓浗鐨勫弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氭渶杩戝垰鎴愮珛,寰堝浜嬫儏绛夌潃浠栦滑鍘诲畬鎴愩?浠栦滑蹇呴』纭繚杩欓儴娉曞緥鑳藉瀵屾湁鍙搷浣滄?銆傛瘮濡?浠栦滑寰堝叧蹇冧笁涓弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯鐨勫唴閮ㄥ垎宸ュ崗璋冮棶棰?浠栦滑鐭ラ亾,蹇呴』纭繚閮ㄩ棬闂村崗璋冧竴鑷?鍚﹀垯鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂戒笉鍙兘鎴愬姛銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?浣犺涓轰腑鍥藉弽鍨勬柇鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯闂寸殑鍚堜綔,鍙兘鍑虹幇鍝柟闈㈢殑闂?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?浠庣洰鍓嶄粬浠殑鍒嗗伐鏉ョ湅,鍙戞敼濮旂杈栦环鏍煎瀯鏂?宸ュ晢鎬诲眬璐熻矗瀵规互鐢ㄥ競鍦烘敮閰嶅湴浣嶇殑鐩戠,鍟嗗姟閮ㄨ礋璐ｇ粡钀ヨ?闆嗕腑鐨勫鏌?鑰屽湪杩欎笁涓満鏋勪箣涓?鏄浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氳礋璐ｅ崗璋冨拰缁熺銆備粠鐩墠鐨勫垎宸ユ潵鐪?鍙兘鏈変簺棰嗗煙浼氬彂鐢熸墽娉曟満鏋勪箣闂寸杈栨潈閲嶅彔鐨勬儏鍐点?
銆??鍦ㄦ垜鐪嬫潵,鏈?湁鍙兘鍙戠敓绠¤緰鏉冮噸鍙犵殑鏄晢鍔￠儴鍜屽伐鍟嗘?灞??婊ョ敤甯傚満鏀厤鍦颁綅鎰忓懗鐫?竴涓叕鍙告嫢鏈夊ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐨勫競鍦轰唤棰?鑰岀粡钀ヨ?闆嗕腑鏄袱涓叕鍙哥殑骞惰喘,骞惰喘鐨勭粨鏋滈?甯告槸鏂扮殑鍏徃鎷ユ湁鏀厤甯傚満鐨勫湴浣嶃?
銆??鍥犳,涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細鐨勪富浠诲皢闈复鎸戞垬銆備粬瑕佸崗璋冨ソ涓変釜鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯鐨勫伐浣?纭繚璺ㄩ儴闂ㄧ殑鍙嶅瀯鏂鏌ヨ兘澶熷瘜鏈夋晥鐜囥?
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?閭ｅ湪杩欎釜鍩硅椤圭洰涓?涓浗鐨勫畼鍛樹滑鍙堣兘澶熷涔犲埌姝ゆ柟闈㈢殑浠?箞缁忛獙?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?缇庡浗涔熸湁涓や釜鍙嶅瀯鏂硶寰嬬殑鎵ц鏈烘瀯,鍒嗗埆鏄仈閭﹁锤鏄撳鍛樹細鍜屽徃娉曢儴銆傝仈閭﹁锤鏄撳鍛樹細鏇村鍦板叧娉ㄦ皯浜嬮鍩熺殑鎵ф硶,鑰屽徃娉曢儴涓昏鎵挎媴鍙嶅瀯鏂殑鍒戜簨绠¤緰鏉冦?鍥犳,涓浗鐨勪綋鍒舵湁鐐圭被浼间簬缇庡浗鐨勫鍥芥姇璧勫鏌ュ鍛樹細,鍦ㄨ繖涓鍛樹細涓嬮潰鏄壙鎷呬笉鍚岃亴鑳界殑鏀垮簻閮ㄩ棬,鍖呮嫭鍟嗗姟閮ㄣ?鑳芥簮閮ㄣ?璐㈡斂閮ㄣ?鍔冲姩閮ㄧ瓑銆?br />
銆??鏍规嵁澶栧浗鎶曡祫瀹℃煡濮斿憳浼氱殑杩愪綔缁忛獙,濡傛灉鍚勪釜閮ㄩ棬涔嬮棿鐨勮亴璐ｆ病鏈変氦鍙?灏变細杩愪綔寰楀緢椤哄埄銆備絾鏄洰鍓嶆潵鐪?涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細涓嬮潰鐨勪笁涓満鏋勮亴鑳芥槸鏈変氦鍙夌殑,鍥犳杩愪綔璧锋潵鍦ㄦ渶鍒濋樁娈靛彲鑳戒細鍑虹幇涓?簺闂銆傗?鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈婊ョ敤鈥濇潯娆鹃渶瑕佺粏鍖?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶绗簲鍗佷簲鏉¤瀹氫簡缁忚惀鑰呬笉寰楁互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉?鎺掗櫎銆侀檺鍒剁珵浜夈?鎹寰堝璺ㄥ浗鍏徃瀵硅繖鏉¤瀹氶兘寰堝叧鍒?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鍏充簬鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈婊ョ敤鍙湁涓?潯瑙勫畾,鎴戜滑鐨勪細鍛橀渶瑕佹洿澶氱粏鑺傘?娉曞緥蹇呴』鏄庣‘浠?箞鏄?婊ョ敤鈥?鍥犱负鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈鐨勬湰璐ㄥ氨鏄瀯鏂殑,浜轰滑涔嬫墍浠ユ効鎰忔姇璧勪簬绉戞妧鍙戞槑,灏辨槸浠栦滑鍙互鍦ㄤ竴瀹氭椂闂村唴鍨勬柇鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈,鍚﹀垯鐨勮瘽,璋佽繕鎰挎剰鍘绘姇璧勫憿?
銆??缇庡浗鐨勫弽鍨勬柇娉曞緥骞舵病鏈夎繖涓瀹?鍥犱负瀹冨睘浜庝笓鍒╂硶鐨勫唴瀹广?浣嗙編鍥界殑涓撳埄娉曢噷闈㈢‘瀹炰篃瑙勫畾浜嗙姝㈢煡璇嗕骇鏉冩互鐢ㄧ殑鏉℃,缇庡浗绉疮浜嗚繖鏂归潰澶ч噺鐨勫垽渚?褰㈡垚浜嗗叧浜庘?婊ョ敤鈥濈殑瀹屾暣鍒ゆ柇浣撶郴銆傛垜浠湡寰呬腑鍥芥湁鏇村鐨勭珛娉曠粏鍒欐垨鍙告硶瑙ｉ噴鍑哄彴銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?搴旇鐢卞摢涓満鏋勮礋璐ｆ互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉冪殑瀹℃煡?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?杩欎篃鏄垜浠渶澶х殑鍥版儜涔嬩竴銆傛垜鍚埌鐨勮娉曟槸鐢辨硶闄㈢殑鐭ヨ瘑浜ф潈搴垨鑰呭浗瀹剁煡璇嗕骇鏉冨眬璐熻矗,浣嗕粬浠嵈琚疆浜庡浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氫箣澶栥?鎴戜滑璁や负濡傛灉灏嗚礋璐ｅ鏌ユ互鐢ㄧ煡璇嗕骇鏉冪殑鎵ф硶鏈烘瀯涔熺撼鍏ュ浗瀹跺弽鍨勬柇濮斿憳浼氱殑妗嗘灦鍐?鍙兘鏇翠负鍚堢悊銆?br />
銆??銆?1涓栫邯銆?浣犱滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氭槸鍚﹀鍙嶅瀯鏂硶鐨勫疄鏂芥劅鍒版媴蹇?
銆??鍚夎帿鏇?鎴戞兂鎴戜滑鐨勬垚鍛樹紒涓氬苟涓嶆媴蹇冭繖涓棶棰樸?鍥犱负鍑犱箮鎵?湁鐨勫叕鍙搁兘鏈変赴瀵岀殑鍏ㄧ悆杩愪綔鐨勭粡楠屻?浠栦滑鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓哄凡缁忚璇佹槑绗﹀悎澶у鏁板浗瀹舵秷璐硅?鐨勫埄鐩?缁忓彈浜嗗緢澶氬浗瀹舵硶寰嬪埗搴︾殑鑰冮獙銆傚洜姝?鎴戜滑鐩镐俊鑷繁鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓烘槸瑙勮寖鐨勩?
銆??褰撶劧,鎴戜滑涔熷緢鍏冲績涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂硶瑙勫畾鐨勬硶寰嬩箟鍔℃槸鍚︿笌娆х編鐨勬硶寰嬩笉鍚?濡傛灉鏄?閭ｄ箞鎴戜滑纭疄闇?鏀瑰彉涓?簺浼犵粺鐨勭粡钀ヨ涓轰簡銆?br />
銆??涓浗鍙嶅瀯鏂鍛樹細涓嬮潰鐨勪笁涓満鏋勮亴鑳芥槸鏈変氦鍙夌殑,鍥犳杩愪綔璧锋潵鍦ㄦ渶鍒濋樁娈靛彲鑳戒細鍑虹幇涓?簺闂銆?br />
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